TO CREATE DOMAIN CONTROLLER WE HAVE 4 STEPS : -
1. INSTALLATION OF DNS ( DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM ).
2. CONFIGRATION OF DNS.
3. MAKING THE SYSTEM AS A DNS CLIENT.
4. INSTALLATION OF ADS ( ACTIVE DIRECTORY SERVICES ).
• WHAT IS DNS : IP – RESOLUTION IS CALLED DNS , WHICH
RESOLVES HOST NAME TO IP – ADDRESS. IT WILL MAINTAIN ONE TABLE WHERE IT WILL DISPLAY ALL CONNECTED COMPUTER NAME AND IP – ADDRESS.
• DNS RESOLVES HOST NAME TO IP – ADDRESS AND IP – ADDRESS TO HOST NAME.
• DNS IS DIVIDED INTO 2 PARTS : -
1. FORWARD LOOK – UP ZONE AND.
2. REVERSE LOOK – UP ZONE.
• NOTE : IN FORWARD LOOK – UP ZONE TYPE COMPUTER NAME TO IP – ADDRESS.
• NOTE : IN REVERSE LOOK – UP ZONE GIVE IP – ADDRESS TO COMPUTER NAME.
• NOTE : DNS IS A INTERFACE BETWEEN DC ( DOMAIN CONTROLLER ) AND DOMAIN CLIENT.
TO MAKE DOMAIN CONTROLLER IN WIN – 2003
1. INSTALLATION OF DNS ( DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM ) : -
• GO TO START > SETTINGS > CONTROL PANNEL > ADD REMOVE PROGRAMS.
• CLICK ADD REMOVE COMPONENTS > IN WINDOWS COMPONENT WIZARD.
• SELECT NETWORKING SERVICES > CLICK DETAILS > HIGHLIGHT DNS AND DHCP.
• CLICK OK > CLICK NEXT > NOW IT WILL ASK TO INSERT THE WIN – 2003 CD.
• INSERT THE CD > AFTER COPYING FILES PRESS ENTER > CLICK FINISH.
• NOW DNS AND DHCP OPTIONS WILL COME IN ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS.
2. CONFIGRATION OF DNS : -
• GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS > DNS.
• SELECT COMPUTER NAME > CLICK FORWARD LOOK – UP ZONE.
• RIGHT CLICK > NEW ZONE > CLICK NEXT > SELECT PRIMARY ZONE.
• CLICK NEXT > TYPE ZONE NAME : - KRANTHI.COM.
• CLICK NEXT > NEW ZONE WIZARD > CLICK NEXT > ALLOW BOTH SECURED AND NON SECURED DYNAMIC UPDATES > CLICK FINISH.
• NOW SELECT REVERSE LOOK – UP ZONE > PRESS ENTER.
• RIGHT CLICK NEW ZONE > PRESS ENTER > SELECT PRIMARY ZONE.
• CLICK NEXT > IN NETWORK ID TYPE IP – ADDRESS 192.168.100.
• CLICK NEXT > ZONE FILE WIZARD >AGAIN CLICK NEXT.
• SELECT DYNAMIC UPDATE WIZARD > ALLOW BOTH SECURED AND NON SECURED DYNAMIC UPDATES > CLICK NEXT >CLICK FINISH.
3. MAKE THE SYSTEM AS A DNS CLIENT : -
• GO TO MY NETWORK PLACES > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
• SELECT LOCAL AREA NETWORK PROPERTIES.
• SELECT TCP/IP > CLICK PROPERTIES > IN PREFFERED DNS SERVER TYPE DNS SYSTEM ADDRESS 192.168.100.3 > CLICK ADVANCED.
• CLICK DNS > PRESS ENTER > IN DNS SUFFIX FOR THIS CONNECTION : -
• TYPE DNS NAME KRANTHI.COM.
• SELECT BELOW BOTH OPTIONS > CLICK OK > CLICK APPLY > OK > AGAIN OK.
• NOW GO TO MY COMPUTER > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES > COMPUTER NAME OPTION.
• CLICK CHANGE > CLICK MORE > TYPE DNS NAME KRANTHI.COM .
• CLICK OK > AGAIN OK > CLICK YES TO RESTART COMPUTER.
4. INSTALLATION OF ADS ( ACTIVE DIRECTORY SERVICES ) :
• GO TO START > RUN > TYPE DCPROMO > CLICK OK > CLICK NEXT > CLICK NEXT.
• SELECT DOMAIN CONTROLLER FOR NEW DOMAIN > CLICK NEXT.
• CREATE NEW DOMAIN WIZARD > SELECT NEW DOMAIN IN A NEW FOREST >TYPE DOMAIN NAME KRANTHI.COM > CLICK NEXT.
• DISPLAY NET BIOS NAME > CLICK NEXT.
• DATA BASE AND LOG FOLDER > CLICK NEXT.
• SHARED SYSTEM VOLUME > CLICK NEXT > NEXT.
• SELECT PERMISSION COMPATIBLE WITH PRE WINDOWS – 2000 SERVER SYSTEMS.
• DIRECTORY SERVICES RESTORE MODE PASSWORD > CLICK NEXT > NEXT.
• WRITING DATA BASE WIZARD > CLICK FINISH > NOW RESTART THE SYSTEM.
• NOTE : AFTER MAKING DOMAIN CONTROLLER EXTRA FIVE ADAMINISTRATIVE TOOLS
ARE ADDED.
1. ACTIVE DIRECTORY DOMAINS AND TRUSTS.
2. ACTIVE DIRECTORY SITES AND SERVICES.
3. ACTIVE DIRECTORY USERS AND COMPUTERS.
4. DOMAIN CONTROLLER SECURITY POLICY.
5. DOMAIN SECURITY POLICY.
Monday, September 13, 2010
DOMAIN CONTROLLER
DOMAIN CONTROLLER
1. DOMAIN : IT IS A LOGICAL GROUP OF NETWORK COMPUTERS , WHERE CENTRALIZED
ADMINISTRATION IS POSSIBLE.
2. DOMAIN CONTROLLER : IT IS A NETWORK O/S WHERE CENTRALIZED
ADMINISTRATION IS POSSIBLE.
1. DOMAIN : IT IS A LOGICAL GROUP OF NETWORK COMPUTERS , WHERE CENTRALIZED
ADMINISTRATION IS POSSIBLE.
2. DOMAIN CONTROLLER : IT IS A NETWORK O/S WHERE CENTRALIZED
ADMINISTRATION IS POSSIBLE.
INSTALLATION OF WIN 2003 SERVER
INSTALLATION OF WIN 2003 SERVER
• PRESS DEL BUTTON ENTER INTO CMOS SETUP > SELECT CDROM DRIVE AS FIRST BOOT DEVICE IN ADVANCE SETUP. PRESS F10 TO SAVE AND EXIT.
• INSERT 2003 BOOT CD AND BOOT FROM THE CD > THEN PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE TO BOOT FROM THE CD.
• WELCOME TO SETUP WIZARD > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE.
• LICENCE AGREEMENT : PRESS F8 TO AGREE.
• PARTITION TABLE : -
D = DELETE PARTITION.
C = CREATE PARTITION.
L = CONFORMATION.
ENTER = TO INSTALL.
• CREATE PARTITIONS AND SELECT THE PARTITION TO INSTALL AND PRESS ENTER.
• THEN IT WILL ASK FOR FORMAT THE PARTITION SELECT THE REQUIRED FORMAT OPTION AND PRESS ENTER.
• THEN IT FORMATS THE DRIVE AND COPIES THE FILES INTO DRIVE AND RESTARTS.
• AFTER RESTARTING COMPUTER IT WILL ASK FOR PRODUCT KEY.
• THEN IT WILL SHOW REGIONAL AND LANGUAGE OPTION > CLICK NEXT.
• PERSONALIZE YOUR SOFTWARE WIZARD :
NAME : - Raghu.
ORGANIZATION : - SELF_PLANNING.KO.
• THEN CLICK NEXT > LICENSING MODES: SELECT PER SERVER 9999 CONNECTIONS >NEXT.
• DATE AND TIME SETTINGS > SELECT NEXT.
• NETWORK SETTINGS : SELECT CUSTOM SETTINGS > CLICK NEXT.
• NETWORKING COMPONENETS : SELECT INTERNET TCP\IP CLICK PROPERTIES.
• USE THE FOLLOWING IP – ADDRESS
IP – ADDRESS 192.168.100.3
SUBNET MASK 255.255.255.0
• DEFAULT GATEWAY > CLICK OK > NEXT > WORK GROUP OR COMPUTER DOMAIN OPTION.
• SELECT NO > NEXT > FINALIZING INSTALLATION > COPYING FILES.
RESTART COMPUTER WIN 2003 SERVER INSTALLATION COMPLETED.
• PRESS DEL BUTTON ENTER INTO CMOS SETUP > SELECT CDROM DRIVE AS FIRST BOOT DEVICE IN ADVANCE SETUP. PRESS F10 TO SAVE AND EXIT.
• INSERT 2003 BOOT CD AND BOOT FROM THE CD > THEN PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE TO BOOT FROM THE CD.
• WELCOME TO SETUP WIZARD > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE.
• LICENCE AGREEMENT : PRESS F8 TO AGREE.
• PARTITION TABLE : -
D = DELETE PARTITION.
C = CREATE PARTITION.
L = CONFORMATION.
ENTER = TO INSTALL.
• CREATE PARTITIONS AND SELECT THE PARTITION TO INSTALL AND PRESS ENTER.
• THEN IT WILL ASK FOR FORMAT THE PARTITION SELECT THE REQUIRED FORMAT OPTION AND PRESS ENTER.
• THEN IT FORMATS THE DRIVE AND COPIES THE FILES INTO DRIVE AND RESTARTS.
• AFTER RESTARTING COMPUTER IT WILL ASK FOR PRODUCT KEY.
• THEN IT WILL SHOW REGIONAL AND LANGUAGE OPTION > CLICK NEXT.
• PERSONALIZE YOUR SOFTWARE WIZARD :
NAME : - Raghu.
ORGANIZATION : - SELF_PLANNING.KO.
• THEN CLICK NEXT > LICENSING MODES: SELECT PER SERVER 9999 CONNECTIONS >NEXT.
• DATE AND TIME SETTINGS > SELECT NEXT.
• NETWORK SETTINGS : SELECT CUSTOM SETTINGS > CLICK NEXT.
• NETWORKING COMPONENETS : SELECT INTERNET TCP\IP CLICK PROPERTIES.
• USE THE FOLLOWING IP – ADDRESS
IP – ADDRESS 192.168.100.3
SUBNET MASK 255.255.255.0
• DEFAULT GATEWAY > CLICK OK > NEXT > WORK GROUP OR COMPUTER DOMAIN OPTION.
• SELECT NO > NEXT > FINALIZING INSTALLATION > COPYING FILES.
RESTART COMPUTER WIN 2003 SERVER INSTALLATION COMPLETED.
Monday, September 6, 2010
WIN – 2003 SERVER COMPARISIONS
DOMAIN CONTROLLER.
ADDITIONAL DOMAIN CONTROLLER ( A.D.C ).
CHILD DOMAIN CONTROLLER.
LINUX
APACHE SERVER ( LINUX ).
NFS ( LINUX ).
MAIL SERVER ( LINUX )..
F.T.P SERVER ( LINUX ).
SAMBA SERVER ( LINUX ).
MIS SERVER ( LINUX ).
MAIN SERVER.
BACK UP SERVER.
UNDER IN MAIN SERVER OR IT IS ALSO CALLED AS SUB – DOMAIN.
WINDOWS
INTERNET INFORMATION SERVICES ( I.I.S ).
D.F.S.
EX – CAHANGE SERVER.
F.T.P ( WINDOWS )
FILE AND PRINTER SERVICES FOR WINDOWS.
R.I.S .
ADDITIONAL DOMAIN CONTROLLER ( A.D.C ).
CHILD DOMAIN CONTROLLER.
LINUX
APACHE SERVER ( LINUX ).
NFS ( LINUX ).
MAIL SERVER ( LINUX )..
F.T.P SERVER ( LINUX ).
SAMBA SERVER ( LINUX ).
MIS SERVER ( LINUX ).
MAIN SERVER.
BACK UP SERVER.
UNDER IN MAIN SERVER OR IT IS ALSO CALLED AS SUB – DOMAIN.
WINDOWS
INTERNET INFORMATION SERVICES ( I.I.S ).
D.F.S.
EX – CAHANGE SERVER.
F.T.P ( WINDOWS )
FILE AND PRINTER SERVICES FOR WINDOWS.
R.I.S .
CONVERTION OF PDC TO BDC
CONVERTION OF PDC TO BDC
1. SELECT PDC COMPUTER IN THE SVRMGR > GO TO COMPUTER OPTION.
2. SELECT DEMOTE TO BDC COMPUTER > SELECT YES OPTION.
3. CLICK YES TO RESTART THE NET LOGON SERVICES.
1. SELECT PDC COMPUTER IN THE SVRMGR > GO TO COMPUTER OPTION.
2. SELECT DEMOTE TO BDC COMPUTER > SELECT YES OPTION.
3. CLICK YES TO RESTART THE NET LOGON SERVICES.
CONVERTION OF BDC TO PDC
CONVERTION OF BDC TO PDC
1. GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS.
2. SERVER MANAGER
{ OR GO TO }
3. START > RUN > TYPE SRVMGR.
4. SELECT BDC COMPUTER > GO TO COMPUTER OPTION.
5. SELECT PROMOTE TO PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER > SELECT USER OPTION.
6. CLICK OK TO RESTART THE NET LOGON SERVICES.
1. GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS.
2. SERVER MANAGER
{ OR GO TO }
3. START > RUN > TYPE SRVMGR.
4. SELECT BDC COMPUTER > GO TO COMPUTER OPTION.
5. SELECT PROMOTE TO PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER > SELECT USER OPTION.
6. CLICK OK TO RESTART THE NET LOGON SERVICES.
Saturday, September 4, 2010
DHCP
DHCP
DHCP : TO ALLOT IP – ADDRESS AUTOMATICALLY AND RANDOMLY TO ALL CONNECTED
CLIENT SYSTEM FROM SERVER.
• INSTALLATION OF DHCP IN WIN-NT
1. GO TO NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
2. SERVICES > CLICK ADD > MICRO – SOFT DHCP SERVER > CLICK OK.
3. INSERT WIN-NT CD > CLICK CONTINUE > COPYING FILES > CLICK OK.
4. CLICK CLOSE > CLICK YES TO RESTART THE COMPUTER.
• DHCP CONFIGRATION IN WIN-NT
1. GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS > DHCP MANAGER.
2. DOUBLE CLICK LOCAL MACHINE > SCOPE > CREATE IP – ADDRESS POOL : -
START ADDRESS 192.168.100.3
END ADDRESS 192.168.100.5
SUBNET MASK 255.225.255.0
EX – CLUSION RANGE : THESE IS TO RESERVE THE SEPARATE COMPUTER ADDRESS
START ADDRESS 192.168.100.25
END ADDRESS 192.168.100.30
{ THESE 5 IP – ADDRESS WILL NOT BE ALLOTED TO ANY SYSTEM }.
3. LEASE DURATION > UNLIMITED > LIMITED.
4. CLICK OK > ACTIVATE SCOPE NOW > CLICK YES.
5. THEN GO TO SCOPE > ACTIVE LEASE.
6. NOW IN CLIENT SIDE > GO TO NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD.
7. RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES > TCP/IP > GO TO PROPERTIES.
8. OBTAIN AN IP ADDRESS AUTOMATICALLY > CLICK OK.
9. GO TO COMMAND PROMPT > TYPE
10. C:\> IPCONFIG /RELEASE THEN PRESS ENTER.
11. C:\>IPCONFIG /RENEW THEN PRESS ENTER.
DHCP : TO ALLOT IP – ADDRESS AUTOMATICALLY AND RANDOMLY TO ALL CONNECTED
CLIENT SYSTEM FROM SERVER.
• INSTALLATION OF DHCP IN WIN-NT
1. GO TO NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
2. SERVICES > CLICK ADD > MICRO – SOFT DHCP SERVER > CLICK OK.
3. INSERT WIN-NT CD > CLICK CONTINUE > COPYING FILES > CLICK OK.
4. CLICK CLOSE > CLICK YES TO RESTART THE COMPUTER.
• DHCP CONFIGRATION IN WIN-NT
1. GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS > DHCP MANAGER.
2. DOUBLE CLICK LOCAL MACHINE > SCOPE > CREATE IP – ADDRESS POOL : -
START ADDRESS 192.168.100.3
END ADDRESS 192.168.100.5
SUBNET MASK 255.225.255.0
EX – CLUSION RANGE : THESE IS TO RESERVE THE SEPARATE COMPUTER ADDRESS
START ADDRESS 192.168.100.25
END ADDRESS 192.168.100.30
{ THESE 5 IP – ADDRESS WILL NOT BE ALLOTED TO ANY SYSTEM }.
3. LEASE DURATION > UNLIMITED > LIMITED.
4. CLICK OK > ACTIVATE SCOPE NOW > CLICK YES.
5. THEN GO TO SCOPE > ACTIVE LEASE.
6. NOW IN CLIENT SIDE > GO TO NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD.
7. RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES > TCP/IP > GO TO PROPERTIES.
8. OBTAIN AN IP ADDRESS AUTOMATICALLY > CLICK OK.
9. GO TO COMMAND PROMPT > TYPE
10. C:\> IPCONFIG /RELEASE THEN PRESS ENTER.
11. C:\>IPCONFIG /RENEW THEN PRESS ENTER.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WIN – 2K AND WIN – 2K3
WINDOWS – 2000
1. WE CANNOT CHANGE COMPUTER
NAME AFTER THE O/S INSTALLED.
2. I.E VERSION IS 5.0.
3. IN DNS 4 SERVICES RECORDS ARE
AVAILABLE.
4. HERE THERE IS NO FOREST TO
FOREST TRUST RELATIONSHIP.
5. WE CAN CREATE 2 MILLION
USER ACCOUNTS.
WINDOWS – 2003
1. WE CAN CHANGE COMPUTER NAME
AFTER THE O/S INSTALLED.
2. I.E VERSION IS 6.0.
3. IN DNS 6 SERVICES RECORDS ARE
AVAILABLE.
4. HERE WE HAVE FOREST TO
FOREST TRUST RELATIONSHIP.
5. WE CAN CREATE UNLIMITED USER
ACCOOUNTS.
1. WE CANNOT CHANGE COMPUTER
NAME AFTER THE O/S INSTALLED.
2. I.E VERSION IS 5.0.
3. IN DNS 4 SERVICES RECORDS ARE
AVAILABLE.
4. HERE THERE IS NO FOREST TO
FOREST TRUST RELATIONSHIP.
5. WE CAN CREATE 2 MILLION
USER ACCOUNTS.
WINDOWS – 2003
1. WE CAN CHANGE COMPUTER NAME
AFTER THE O/S INSTALLED.
2. I.E VERSION IS 6.0.
3. IN DNS 6 SERVICES RECORDS ARE
AVAILABLE.
4. HERE WE HAVE FOREST TO
FOREST TRUST RELATIONSHIP.
5. WE CAN CREATE UNLIMITED USER
ACCOOUNTS.
IP – ADDRESSING METHOD
IP – ADDRESSING METHOD
THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF IP – ADDRESSING METHODS : -
1. STATIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD.
2. DYNAMIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD.
3. AUTOMATIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD.
1. STATIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD : TO ALLOT IP – ADDRESS MANUALLY TO
EVERY SYSTEM.
2. DYNAMIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD : ALLOT IP – ADDRESSES TO ALL COMPUTERS
BY USING DHCP ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS.
3. AUTOMATIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD : TO TAKE AUTOMATIC IP – ADDRESSING
THROOUGH LAN – CARD.
THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF IP – ADDRESSING METHODS : -
1. STATIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD.
2. DYNAMIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD.
3. AUTOMATIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD.
1. STATIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD : TO ALLOT IP – ADDRESS MANUALLY TO
EVERY SYSTEM.
2. DYNAMIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD : ALLOT IP – ADDRESSES TO ALL COMPUTERS
BY USING DHCP ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS.
3. AUTOMATIC IP – ADDRESSING METHOD : TO TAKE AUTOMATIC IP – ADDRESSING
THROOUGH LAN – CARD.
DISK ADMINISTRATION IN WIN – NT
DISK ADMINISTRATION IN WIN – NT
IT IS USED TO CREATE PARTITION AND CONVERT DRIVE FILE SYSTEM FAT TO NTFS.
1.GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS > DISK ADMINISTRATOR.
( OR )
2.START > RUN > TYPE windisk, CLICK OK.
4.TO CONVERT FAT TO NTFS WITHOUT LOOSING DATA TYPE IN COMMAND PROMPT.
5.CONVERT G: /FS:NTFS
IT IS USED TO CREATE PARTITION AND CONVERT DRIVE FILE SYSTEM FAT TO NTFS.
1.GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS > DISK ADMINISTRATOR.
( OR )
2.START > RUN > TYPE windisk, CLICK OK.
4.TO CONVERT FAT TO NTFS WITHOUT LOOSING DATA TYPE IN COMMAND PROMPT.
5.CONVERT G: /FS:NTFS
TO MAKE WIN-98 AS CLIENT OF WIN-NT
TO MAKE WIN-98 AS CLIENT OF WIN-NT
1. IN WIN-98 SYSTEM INSTALL LAN-CARD > AFTER RESTARTING THE SYSTEM.
2. SELECT NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
3. SELECT CLIENT FOR MICROSOFT NETWORKS > CLICK PROPERTIES.
4. SELECT LOGON TO WIN-NT DOMAIN OPTION.
5. IN PLACE OF DOMAIN TYPE > WRITE DOMAIN NAME OF WIN-NT SYSTEM.
CLICK OK > AGAIN OK > CLICK YES TO RESTART THE COMPUTER.
1. IN WIN-98 SYSTEM INSTALL LAN-CARD > AFTER RESTARTING THE SYSTEM.
2. SELECT NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
3. SELECT CLIENT FOR MICROSOFT NETWORKS > CLICK PROPERTIES.
4. SELECT LOGON TO WIN-NT DOMAIN OPTION.
5. IN PLACE OF DOMAIN TYPE > WRITE DOMAIN NAME OF WIN-NT SYSTEM.
CLICK OK > AGAIN OK > CLICK YES TO RESTART THE COMPUTER.
TO ALLOT LOGON LOCALLY PERMISSIONS
TO ALLOT LOGON LOCALLY PERMISSIONS
1. GO TO POLICY IN THE USRMGR > CLICK USER RIGHTS.
2. IN PLACE OF RIGHT SELECT LOGON LOCALLY > CLICK ADD.
3. CLICK SHOW USERS > SELECT USER NAME > CLICK ADD.
4. CLICK OK > AGAIN OK.
1. GO TO POLICY IN THE USRMGR > CLICK USER RIGHTS.
2. IN PLACE OF RIGHT SELECT LOGON LOCALLY > CLICK ADD.
3. CLICK SHOW USERS > SELECT USER NAME > CLICK ADD.
4. CLICK OK > AGAIN OK.
TO ALLOT GROUP MEMBER-SHIP PERMISSION FOR USERS
TO ALLOT GROUP MEMBER-SHIP PERMISSION FOR USERS
1. DOUBLE CLICK ON THE USER NAME IN THE USRMGR.
2. GO TO GROUPS OPTION > SELECT ANY MEMBER ( EX : - ACCOUNT OPERATOR ).
3. CLICK ADD > CLICK OK TO FINISH.
1. DOUBLE CLICK ON THE USER NAME IN THE USRMGR.
2. GO TO GROUPS OPTION > SELECT ANY MEMBER ( EX : - ACCOUNT OPERATOR ).
3. CLICK ADD > CLICK OK TO FINISH.
SYSTEM POLICY EDITOR IN WIN-NT
SYSTEM POLICY EDITOR IN WIN-NT
1. GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS.
2. SELECT SYSTEM POLICY EDITOR.
( OR )
3. START > RUN > TYPE POLEDIT > PRESS OK TO ENTER SPE.
4. GO TO FILES > SELECT NEW POLICY.
5. GO TO EDIT > ADD USER > BROWSE > SELECT ONE USER AND THEN CLICK ADD.
6. CLICK OK > THEN DOUBLE CLICK TO USER ICON > GO TO SHELL.
7. GO TO RESTRICTIONS > SELECT SOME RESTRICTIONS > CLICK OK.
8. GO TO FILE > SAVE AS C:\> WINNT\SYSTEM32\REPL\IMPORT\SCRIPTS.
9. THEN TYPE FILE NAME AS NTCONFIG > THEN SAVE.
1. GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATIVE TOOLS.
2. SELECT SYSTEM POLICY EDITOR.
( OR )
3. START > RUN > TYPE POLEDIT > PRESS OK TO ENTER SPE.
4. GO TO FILES > SELECT NEW POLICY.
5. GO TO EDIT > ADD USER > BROWSE > SELECT ONE USER AND THEN CLICK ADD.
6. CLICK OK > THEN DOUBLE CLICK TO USER ICON > GO TO SHELL.
7. GO TO RESTRICTIONS > SELECT SOME RESTRICTIONS > CLICK OK.
8. GO TO FILE > SAVE AS C:\> WINNT\SYSTEM32\REPL\IMPORT\SCRIPTS.
9. THEN TYPE FILE NAME AS NTCONFIG > THEN SAVE.
TO GIVE ACCOUNT EXPIRATION PERMISSIONS IN S.P.E
TO GIVE ACCOUNT EXPIRATION PERMISSIONS IN S.P.E
1. FIRST SELECT THE TYPE OF ACCOUNT.
2. GLOBAL ACCOUNT ( OR ) LOCAL ACCOUNT.
3. GLOBAL ACCOUNT : ONE USER CAN BE ABLE TO ACCESS MULTIPLE DOMAIN
OPTIONS.
4. LOCAL ACCOUNT : ONE USER TOTALLY TRUSTED ON ONE DOMAIN.
1. FIRST SELECT THE TYPE OF ACCOUNT.
2. GLOBAL ACCOUNT ( OR ) LOCAL ACCOUNT.
3. GLOBAL ACCOUNT : ONE USER CAN BE ABLE TO ACCESS MULTIPLE DOMAIN
OPTIONS.
4. LOCAL ACCOUNT : ONE USER TOTALLY TRUSTED ON ONE DOMAIN.
TO GIVE LOGON PERMISSIONS
TO GIVE LOGON PERMISSIONS
TO GIVE LOGON PERMISSIONS TO INDIVIDUAL WORK STATION SYSTEM.
1. GO TO S.P.E > DOUBLE CLICK ON THE USER NAME.
2. SPECIFY USER MAY LOGON TO ALL WORK-STATIONS OR SPECIFY.
3. USER MAY LOGON TO THESE WORK-STATIONS.
TO GIVE LOGON PERMISSIONS TO INDIVIDUAL WORK STATION SYSTEM.
1. GO TO S.P.E > DOUBLE CLICK ON THE USER NAME.
2. SPECIFY USER MAY LOGON TO ALL WORK-STATIONS OR SPECIFY.
3. USER MAY LOGON TO THESE WORK-STATIONS.
DIRECT CREATION OF HOME DIRECTORY IN WIN-NT
DIRECT CREATION OF HOME DIRECTORY IN WIN-NT
1. DOUBLE CLICK ON THE USER NAME IN USRMGR.
2. GO TO PROFILE , GO TO HOME DIRECTORY.
3. IN PLACE OF LOCAL PATH : -
4. CONNECT : SPECIFY ANY DRIVE WHICH IS NOT IN USE.
5. TO : - \\COMPUTER NAME\USERS ( FILE CREATED IN C-DRIVE SHARED )\USER NAME.
1. DOUBLE CLICK ON THE USER NAME IN USRMGR.
2. GO TO PROFILE , GO TO HOME DIRECTORY.
3. IN PLACE OF LOCAL PATH : -
4. CONNECT : SPECIFY ANY DRIVE WHICH IS NOT IN USE.
5. TO : - \\COMPUTER NAME\USERS ( FILE CREATED IN C-DRIVE SHARED )\USER NAME.
MANUALLY CREATION OF HOME DIRECTORY
MANUALLY CREATION OF HOME DIRECTORY
TO CREATE HOME DIRECTORIES FIRST TIME U HAVE TO CREATE MANUALLY
THEN AFTER WARDS U CAN CREATE DIRECTLY.
1. CREATE ONE SHARED FOLDER IN C – DRIVE AND GIVE IT FOLDER NAME USERS.
2. IN SIDE THE USERS FOLDER AND GIVE SHARING FOR THE USERS FOLDER.
3. CREATE ONE USER NAME FOLDER INSIDE THE SHARED USERS FOLDER.
TO CREATE HOME DIRECTORIES FIRST TIME U HAVE TO CREATE MANUALLY
THEN AFTER WARDS U CAN CREATE DIRECTLY.
1. CREATE ONE SHARED FOLDER IN C – DRIVE AND GIVE IT FOLDER NAME USERS.
2. IN SIDE THE USERS FOLDER AND GIVE SHARING FOR THE USERS FOLDER.
3. CREATE ONE USER NAME FOLDER INSIDE THE SHARED USERS FOLDER.
PROFILE CREATION IN USRMGR
PROFILE CREATION IN USRMGR
TO CREATE LOGON SCRIPT FOR EVERY USERS : -
1. DOUBLE CLICK ON THE USER NAME IN THE USRMGR , GO TO PROFILE.
2. IN THE USER PROFILES PATH : -
3. SPECIFY USER PROFILE PATH : \\COMPUTER NAME \ PROFILES \ USER NAME.
4. SPECIFY LOGON SCRIPT NAME : USERNAME.BAT
5. THEN CLICK OK.
6. THEN GO TO COMMAND PROMPT C:\> net share THEN PRESS ENTER.
7. THEN WRITE NET LOGON PATH IN C PROMPT THAT IS C:\> CD NET LONG PATH.
8. THEN TYPE COPY CON USERNAME.BAT AND PRESS ENTER.
9. SPECIFY SOME PROGRAMS LIKE NOTE-PAD , CALCULATOR ETC..
10. THEN SAVE AND EXIT ( CTRL Z OR F6 ).
11. THEN CLOSE ALL PROGRAMS AND LOGON WITH USER NAME.
TO CREATE LOGON SCRIPT FOR EVERY USERS : -
1. DOUBLE CLICK ON THE USER NAME IN THE USRMGR , GO TO PROFILE.
2. IN THE USER PROFILES PATH : -
3. SPECIFY USER PROFILE PATH : \\COMPUTER NAME \ PROFILES \ USER NAME.
4. SPECIFY LOGON SCRIPT NAME : USERNAME.BAT
5. THEN CLICK OK.
6. THEN GO TO COMMAND PROMPT C:\> net share THEN PRESS ENTER.
7. THEN WRITE NET LOGON PATH IN C PROMPT THAT IS C:\> CD NET LONG PATH.
8. THEN TYPE COPY CON USERNAME.BAT AND PRESS ENTER.
9. SPECIFY SOME PROGRAMS LIKE NOTE-PAD , CALCULATOR ETC..
10. THEN SAVE AND EXIT ( CTRL Z OR F6 ).
11. THEN CLOSE ALL PROGRAMS AND LOGON WITH USER NAME.
USER CREATION IN WIN – NT
USER CREATION IN WIN – NT
1. GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATION TOOLS.
2. THEN GO TO USER MANAGER FOR DOMAIN.
( OR )
3. GO TO START > RUN.
4. TYPE USRMGR > THEN CLICK OK.
5. THEN GO TO USER > CLICK NEW USER.
6. TYPE USER NAME > PASSWORD AND CONFORM PASSWORD.
7. SELECT USER CANNOT CHANGE THE PASSWORD.
8. SELECT PASSWORD NEVER EXPIRES > CLICK ADD.
1. GO TO START > PROGRAMS > ADMINISTRATION TOOLS.
2. THEN GO TO USER MANAGER FOR DOMAIN.
( OR )
3. GO TO START > RUN.
4. TYPE USRMGR > THEN CLICK OK.
5. THEN GO TO USER > CLICK NEW USER.
6. TYPE USER NAME > PASSWORD AND CONFORM PASSWORD.
7. SELECT USER CANNOT CHANGE THE PASSWORD.
8. SELECT PASSWORD NEVER EXPIRES > CLICK ADD.
LAN CARD INSTALLATION IN WIN – NT SERVER
LAN CARD INSTALLATION IN WIN – NT SERVER
2. GO TO NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
3. GO TO ADAPTERS > CLICK ADD > CLICK HAVE DISK.
3. INSERT DRIVER CD AND MENTION PROPER PATH.
4. CLICK OK > SELECT AUTO MODE > CLICK OK.
5. THEN CLOSE > TYPE IP – ADDRESS AND SUBNET MASK ADDRESS.
6. CLICK OK > THEN RESTART THE SYSTEM.
2. GO TO NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
3. GO TO ADAPTERS > CLICK ADD > CLICK HAVE DISK.
3. INSERT DRIVER CD AND MENTION PROPER PATH.
4. CLICK OK > SELECT AUTO MODE > CLICK OK.
5. THEN CLOSE > TYPE IP – ADDRESS AND SUBNET MASK ADDRESS.
6. CLICK OK > THEN RESTART THE SYSTEM.
instalation of win-nt
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT WINDOWS NT : -
1. 333 MHZ CPU SPEED > 486 DX2 PROCESSOR > 32 MB RAM > 150 MB HARD-DISK SPACE.
INSTALLATION OF WIN – NT
• WELCOME TO SETUP WIZARD > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE.
• STORAGE MEDIA DEVICE ID – CDROM > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE > ENTER.
• LICENSE AGGREMENT WIZARD > PRESS PAGE DOWN > PRESS F8 TO I AGREE.
• DETERMINE FOLLOWING HARD WARE AND SOFTWARE COMPONENTS > ENTER.
• DISK PARTITION TABLE : -
C = CREATE PARTITION.
D = DELETE PARTITION.
ENTER = TO CONTINUE SETUP.
• PRESS ENTER TO INSTALL ON THE SELECTED PARTITION.
• SELECT THE FILE SYSTEM AND PRESS ENTER > COPYING FILES > RESTART SYSTEM.
•GATHERING INFORMATION > NEXT >NAME : RUTHWIZ
ORGANISATION : SELF_PLANNING.KO
• NEXT > ENTER THE CD – KEY 111 – 11111111 > CLICK NEXT.
• SELECT PER SERVER FOR 5587 CONCURENT CONNECTIONS > NEXT.
• TYPE COMPUTER NAME : RUTHWIZ > SELECT SERVER TYPE AS PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER > CLICK NEXT > ADMINISTRATOR ACCOUNT > CLICK NEXT.
• EMERGENCY REPAIR DISK > SELECT NO > NEXT > SELECT COMPONENTS > NEXT.
• INSTALLING NT – SETUP > NEXT > SELECT WIRED TO THE NETWORK.
• SELECT INSTALL MICROSOFT INTERNET INFORMATION SERVER > NEXT.
• CLICK START SEARCH > NETWORK ADAPTER OR SELECT LAN CARD FROM THE LIST.
• SELECT : EX : - REALTEAK RTC 8139 PCI ADAPTER > OK > NEXT.
• NETWORK PROTOCOLS WIZARD > SELECT ALL OPTIONS CLICK NEXT.
• NETWORK SERVICES WIZARD > NEXT > NEXT > FOR ETHERNET ID WIZARD > SKIP.
• SELECT TYPE PCI AND NUMBER 1 { FOR ON SIGNALS } > CLICK OK.
• SELECT NO OPTION FOR DHCP > COPYING FILES > THEN TYPE IP – ADDRESS AND SUBNET MASK > NEXT > NEXT.
• THEN TYPE COMPUTER NAME AND DOMAIN NAME > NEXT > FINISH.
• SELECT DATE AND TIME ZONE > CLOSE > DISPLAY SETTINGS OK > COPYING FILES.
• CLICK RESTART COMPUTER AND EJECT THE CD FROM CD – ROM.
1. 333 MHZ CPU SPEED > 486 DX2 PROCESSOR > 32 MB RAM > 150 MB HARD-DISK SPACE.
INSTALLATION OF WIN – NT
• WELCOME TO SETUP WIZARD > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE.
• STORAGE MEDIA DEVICE ID – CDROM > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE > ENTER.
• LICENSE AGGREMENT WIZARD > PRESS PAGE DOWN > PRESS F8 TO I AGREE.
• DETERMINE FOLLOWING HARD WARE AND SOFTWARE COMPONENTS > ENTER.
• DISK PARTITION TABLE : -
C = CREATE PARTITION.
D = DELETE PARTITION.
ENTER = TO CONTINUE SETUP.
• PRESS ENTER TO INSTALL ON THE SELECTED PARTITION.
• SELECT THE FILE SYSTEM AND PRESS ENTER > COPYING FILES > RESTART SYSTEM.
•GATHERING INFORMATION > NEXT >NAME : RUTHWIZ
ORGANISATION : SELF_PLANNING.KO
• NEXT > ENTER THE CD – KEY 111 – 11111111 > CLICK NEXT.
• SELECT PER SERVER FOR 5587 CONCURENT CONNECTIONS > NEXT.
• TYPE COMPUTER NAME : RUTHWIZ > SELECT SERVER TYPE AS PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER > CLICK NEXT > ADMINISTRATOR ACCOUNT > CLICK NEXT.
• EMERGENCY REPAIR DISK > SELECT NO > NEXT > SELECT COMPONENTS > NEXT.
• INSTALLING NT – SETUP > NEXT > SELECT WIRED TO THE NETWORK.
• SELECT INSTALL MICROSOFT INTERNET INFORMATION SERVER > NEXT.
• CLICK START SEARCH > NETWORK ADAPTER OR SELECT LAN CARD FROM THE LIST.
• SELECT : EX : - REALTEAK RTC 8139 PCI ADAPTER > OK > NEXT.
• NETWORK PROTOCOLS WIZARD > SELECT ALL OPTIONS CLICK NEXT.
• NETWORK SERVICES WIZARD > NEXT > NEXT > FOR ETHERNET ID WIZARD > SKIP.
• SELECT TYPE PCI AND NUMBER 1 { FOR ON SIGNALS } > CLICK OK.
• SELECT NO OPTION FOR DHCP > COPYING FILES > THEN TYPE IP – ADDRESS AND SUBNET MASK > NEXT > NEXT.
• THEN TYPE COMPUTER NAME AND DOMAIN NAME > NEXT > FINISH.
• SELECT DATE AND TIME ZONE > CLOSE > DISPLAY SETTINGS OK > COPYING FILES.
• CLICK RESTART COMPUTER AND EJECT THE CD FROM CD – ROM.
Thursday, September 2, 2010
WIN–NT INSTALLATION AS PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER
WIN–NT INSTALLATION AS PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT WINDOWS NT : -
1. 333 MHZ CPU SPEED > 486 DX2 PROCESSOR > 32 MB RAM > 150 MB HARD-DISK SPACE.
INSTALLATION OF WIN – NT
• WELCOME TO SETUP WIZARD > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE.
• STORAGE MEDIA DEVICE ID – CDROM > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE > ENTER.
• LICENSE AGGREMENT WIZARD > PRESS PAGE DOWN > PRESS F8 TO I AGREE.
• DETERMINE FOLLOWING HARD WARE AND SOFTWARE COMPONENTS > ENTER.
• DISK PARTITION TABLE : -
C = CREATE PARTITION.
D = DELETE PARTITION.
ENTER = TO CONTINUE SETUP.
• PRESS ENTER TO INSTALL ON THE SELECTED PARTITION.
• SELECT THE FILE SYSTEM AND PRESS ENTER > COPYING FILES > RESTART SYSTEM.
• GATHERING INFORMATION > NEXT >
NAME : RUTHWIZ
ORGANISATION : SELF_PLANNING.KO
• NEXT > ENTER THE CD – KEY 111 – 11111111 > CLICK NEXT.
• SELECT PER SERVER FOR 5587 CONCURENT CONNECTIONS > NEXT.
• TYPE COMPUTER NAME : RUTHWIZ > SELECT SERVER TYPE AS PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER > CLICK NEXT > ADMINISTRATOR ACCOUNT > CLICK NEXT.
• EMERGENCY REPAIR DISK > SELECT NO > NEXT > SELECT COMPONENTS > NEXT.
• INSTALLING NT – SETUP > NEXT > SELECT WIRED TO THE NETWORK.
• SELECT INSTALL MICROSOFT INTERNET INFORMATION SERVER > NEXT.
• CLICK START SEARCH > NETWORK ADAPTER OR SELECT LAN CARD FROM THE LIST.
• SELECT : EX : - REALTEAK RTC 8139 PCI ADAPTER > OK > NEXT.
• NETWORK PROTOCOLS WIZARD > SELECT ALL OPTIONS CLICK NEXT.
• NETWORK SERVICES WIZARD > NEXT > NEXT > FOR ETHERNET ID WIZARD > SKIP.
• SELECT TYPE PCI AND NUMBER 1 { FOR ON SIGNALS } > CLICK OK.
• SELECT NO OPTION FOR DHCP > COPYING FILES > THEN TYPE IP – ADDRESS AND SUBNET MASK > NEXT > NEXT.
• THEN TYPE COMPUTER NAME AND DOMAIN NAME > NEXT > FINISH.
• SELECT DATE AND TIME ZONE > CLOSE > DISPLAY SETTINGS OK > COPYING FILES.
• CLICK RESTART COMPUTER AND EJECT THE CD FROM CD – ROM.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT WINDOWS NT : -
1. 333 MHZ CPU SPEED > 486 DX2 PROCESSOR > 32 MB RAM > 150 MB HARD-DISK SPACE.
INSTALLATION OF WIN – NT
• WELCOME TO SETUP WIZARD > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE.
• STORAGE MEDIA DEVICE ID – CDROM > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE > ENTER.
• LICENSE AGGREMENT WIZARD > PRESS PAGE DOWN > PRESS F8 TO I AGREE.
• DETERMINE FOLLOWING HARD WARE AND SOFTWARE COMPONENTS > ENTER.
• DISK PARTITION TABLE : -
C = CREATE PARTITION.
D = DELETE PARTITION.
ENTER = TO CONTINUE SETUP.
• PRESS ENTER TO INSTALL ON THE SELECTED PARTITION.
• SELECT THE FILE SYSTEM AND PRESS ENTER > COPYING FILES > RESTART SYSTEM.
• GATHERING INFORMATION > NEXT >
NAME : RUTHWIZ
ORGANISATION : SELF_PLANNING.KO
• NEXT > ENTER THE CD – KEY 111 – 11111111 > CLICK NEXT.
• SELECT PER SERVER FOR 5587 CONCURENT CONNECTIONS > NEXT.
• TYPE COMPUTER NAME : RUTHWIZ > SELECT SERVER TYPE AS PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER > CLICK NEXT > ADMINISTRATOR ACCOUNT > CLICK NEXT.
• EMERGENCY REPAIR DISK > SELECT NO > NEXT > SELECT COMPONENTS > NEXT.
• INSTALLING NT – SETUP > NEXT > SELECT WIRED TO THE NETWORK.
• SELECT INSTALL MICROSOFT INTERNET INFORMATION SERVER > NEXT.
• CLICK START SEARCH > NETWORK ADAPTER OR SELECT LAN CARD FROM THE LIST.
• SELECT : EX : - REALTEAK RTC 8139 PCI ADAPTER > OK > NEXT.
• NETWORK PROTOCOLS WIZARD > SELECT ALL OPTIONS CLICK NEXT.
• NETWORK SERVICES WIZARD > NEXT > NEXT > FOR ETHERNET ID WIZARD > SKIP.
• SELECT TYPE PCI AND NUMBER 1 { FOR ON SIGNALS } > CLICK OK.
• SELECT NO OPTION FOR DHCP > COPYING FILES > THEN TYPE IP – ADDRESS AND SUBNET MASK > NEXT > NEXT.
• THEN TYPE COMPUTER NAME AND DOMAIN NAME > NEXT > FINISH.
• SELECT DATE AND TIME ZONE > CLOSE > DISPLAY SETTINGS OK > COPYING FILES.
• CLICK RESTART COMPUTER AND EJECT THE CD FROM CD – ROM.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT WINDOWS NT : -
1. 333 MHZ CPU SPEED > 486 DX2 PROCESSOR > 32 MB RAM > 150 MB HARD-DISK SPACE.
INSTALLATION OF WIN – NT
• WELCOME TO SETUP WIZARD > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE.
• STORAGE MEDIA DEVICE ID – CDROM > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE > ENTER.
• LICENSE AGGREMENT WIZARD > PRESS PAGE DOWN > PRESS F8 TO I AGREE.
• DETERMINE FOLLOWING HARD WARE AND SOFTWARE COMPONENTS > ENTER.
• DISK PARTITION TABLE : -
C = CREATE PARTITION.
D = DELETE PARTITION.
ENTER = TO CONTINUE SETUP.
• PRESS ENTER TO INSTALL ON THE SELECTED PARTITION.
• SELECT THE FILE SYSTEM AND PRESS ENTER > COPYING FILES > RESTART SYSTEM.
• GATHERING INFORMATION > NEXT >
NAME : RUTHWIZ
ORGANISATION : SELF_PLANNING.KO
• NEXT > ENTER THE CD – KEY 111 – 11111111 > CLICK NEXT.
• SELECT PER SERVER FOR 5587 CONCURENT CONNECTIONS > NEXT.
• TYPE COMPUTER NAME : RUTHWIZ > SELECT SERVER TYPE AS PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER > CLICK NEXT > ADMINISTRATOR ACCOUNT > CLICK NEXT.
• EMERGENCY REPAIR DISK > SELECT NO > NEXT > SELECT COMPONENTS > NEXT.
• INSTALLING NT – SETUP > NEXT > SELECT WIRED TO THE NETWORK.
• SELECT INSTALL MICROSOFT INTERNET INFORMATION SERVER > NEXT.
• CLICK START SEARCH > NETWORK ADAPTER OR SELECT LAN CARD FROM THE LIST.
• SELECT : EX : - REALTEAK RTC 8139 PCI ADAPTER > OK > NEXT.
• NETWORK PROTOCOLS WIZARD > SELECT ALL OPTIONS CLICK NEXT.
• NETWORK SERVICES WIZARD > NEXT > NEXT > FOR ETHERNET ID WIZARD > SKIP.
• SELECT TYPE PCI AND NUMBER 1 { FOR ON SIGNALS } > CLICK OK.
• SELECT NO OPTION FOR DHCP > COPYING FILES > THEN TYPE IP – ADDRESS AND SUBNET MASK > NEXT > NEXT.
• THEN TYPE COMPUTER NAME AND DOMAIN NAME > NEXT > FINISH.
• SELECT DATE AND TIME ZONE > CLOSE > DISPLAY SETTINGS OK > COPYING FILES.
• CLICK RESTART COMPUTER AND EJECT THE CD FROM CD – ROM.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT WINDOWS NT : -
1. 333 MHZ CPU SPEED > 486 DX2 PROCESSOR > 32 MB RAM > 150 MB HARD-DISK SPACE.
INSTALLATION OF WIN – NT
• WELCOME TO SETUP WIZARD > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE.
• STORAGE MEDIA DEVICE ID – CDROM > PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE > ENTER.
• LICENSE AGGREMENT WIZARD > PRESS PAGE DOWN > PRESS F8 TO I AGREE.
• DETERMINE FOLLOWING HARD WARE AND SOFTWARE COMPONENTS > ENTER.
• DISK PARTITION TABLE : -
C = CREATE PARTITION.
D = DELETE PARTITION.
ENTER = TO CONTINUE SETUP.
• PRESS ENTER TO INSTALL ON THE SELECTED PARTITION.
• SELECT THE FILE SYSTEM AND PRESS ENTER > COPYING FILES > RESTART SYSTEM.
• GATHERING INFORMATION > NEXT >
NAME : RUTHWIZ
ORGANISATION : SELF_PLANNING.KO
• NEXT > ENTER THE CD – KEY 111 – 11111111 > CLICK NEXT.
• SELECT PER SERVER FOR 5587 CONCURENT CONNECTIONS > NEXT.
• TYPE COMPUTER NAME : RUTHWIZ > SELECT SERVER TYPE AS PRIMARY DOMAIN CONTROLLER > CLICK NEXT > ADMINISTRATOR ACCOUNT > CLICK NEXT.
• EMERGENCY REPAIR DISK > SELECT NO > NEXT > SELECT COMPONENTS > NEXT.
• INSTALLING NT – SETUP > NEXT > SELECT WIRED TO THE NETWORK.
• SELECT INSTALL MICROSOFT INTERNET INFORMATION SERVER > NEXT.
• CLICK START SEARCH > NETWORK ADAPTER OR SELECT LAN CARD FROM THE LIST.
• SELECT : EX : - REALTEAK RTC 8139 PCI ADAPTER > OK > NEXT.
• NETWORK PROTOCOLS WIZARD > SELECT ALL OPTIONS CLICK NEXT.
• NETWORK SERVICES WIZARD > NEXT > NEXT > FOR ETHERNET ID WIZARD > SKIP.
• SELECT TYPE PCI AND NUMBER 1 { FOR ON SIGNALS } > CLICK OK.
• SELECT NO OPTION FOR DHCP > COPYING FILES > THEN TYPE IP – ADDRESS AND SUBNET MASK > NEXT > NEXT.
• THEN TYPE COMPUTER NAME AND DOMAIN NAME > NEXT > FINISH.
• SELECT DATE AND TIME ZONE > CLOSE > DISPLAY SETTINGS OK > COPYING FILES.
• CLICK RESTART COMPUTER AND EJECT THE CD FROM CD – ROM.
WIN 2000 SERVER
WIN 2000 SERVER
1. IT IS A FULL PLUG AND PLAY 32-BIT
HYBRID OPERATING SYSTEM.
2. IT WILL SUPPORT FAT-16 , FAT-32 ,
NTFS- 5.0 , FILE SYSTEM.
3. IT WILL SUPPORT IP VERSION 4 AND 6.
5. BACK – UP IS POSSIBLE IN ANY TYPE OF
DRIVE.
5. WIN – 2000 ADDITIONS ARE SERVER ,
ADVANCE SERVER AND DATA CENTRE
ADDITION.
6. IT WILL SUPPORT DC , ADC , CDC AND
ETC.
7. IT WILL SUPPORT MULTI – MASTER
REPLICATION MODEL. ( MEANS READ AND
WRITE. )
8. NTFS PARTISION IS COMPULSORY TO
MAINTAIN DOMAIN CONTROLLER.
9. DNS IS COMPULSORY IN WIN – 2000
SERVER.
10. IT WILL SUPPORT 2 – MILLION USER
ACCOUNTS.
11. IT WILL SUPPORT UNLIMITED DEVICES.
12. IT WILL SUPPORT BOTH EFS AND DISK
QUOTA.
13.IT WILL SUPPORT ADS SERVICES.
ADS : - ACTIVE DIRECTORY SERVICES.
14. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS OF W2K : -
A. 133 MHZ CPU SPEED.
B. 64 MB OF RAM.
C. 950 MB OF HARD-DISK SPACE.
1. IT IS A FULL PLUG AND PLAY 32-BIT
HYBRID OPERATING SYSTEM.
2. IT WILL SUPPORT FAT-16 , FAT-32 ,
NTFS- 5.0 , FILE SYSTEM.
3. IT WILL SUPPORT IP VERSION 4 AND 6.
5. BACK – UP IS POSSIBLE IN ANY TYPE OF
DRIVE.
5. WIN – 2000 ADDITIONS ARE SERVER ,
ADVANCE SERVER AND DATA CENTRE
ADDITION.
6. IT WILL SUPPORT DC , ADC , CDC AND
ETC.
7. IT WILL SUPPORT MULTI – MASTER
REPLICATION MODEL. ( MEANS READ AND
WRITE. )
8. NTFS PARTISION IS COMPULSORY TO
MAINTAIN DOMAIN CONTROLLER.
9. DNS IS COMPULSORY IN WIN – 2000
SERVER.
10. IT WILL SUPPORT 2 – MILLION USER
ACCOUNTS.
11. IT WILL SUPPORT UNLIMITED DEVICES.
12. IT WILL SUPPORT BOTH EFS AND DISK
QUOTA.
13.IT WILL SUPPORT ADS SERVICES.
ADS : - ACTIVE DIRECTORY SERVICES.
14. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS OF W2K : -
A. 133 MHZ CPU SPEED.
B. 64 MB OF RAM.
C. 950 MB OF HARD-DISK SPACE.
WIN-NT SERVER
WIN-NT SERVER
1. IT IS A NON–PLUG AND PLAY 16-BIT
HYBRID OPERATING SYSTEM.
2. IT WILL SUPPORT FAT-16 AND NTFS-4.0
FILE SYSTEM.
3. IT WILL SUPPORT IP VERSION 4.0 ( 32 BIT ).
4. BACK – UP IS ONLY POSSIBLE IN TAPE
DRIVE.
5. WIN-NT HAVE MANY TYPE OF ADDITIONS
LIKE STANDARD , ENTERPRICES , TERMINAL
SERVER.
6. WIN-NT SUPPORTS FDC , BDC AND STAND
ALONE SERVER.
7. IT WILL SUPPORT SINGLE MASTER
REPLICATION MODEL. ( MEANS READ ).
8. NTFS PARTISION IS NOT COMPULSORY TO
MAKE NT DOMAIN.
9. DNS IS NOT COMPULSORY IN WIN-NT.
10. IT WILL SUPPORT 40 THOUSAND USER
ACCOUNTS.
11. IT WILL SUPPORT MAXIMUM OF 22
DEVICES.
12. WIN-NT DOES NOT SUPPORT EFS AND
DISK QUOTA.
13. WIN-NT SUPPORTS NTDS SERVICES.
NTDS : - NETWORK DIRECTORY SERVICES.
14. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS OF NT : -
A. 33 MHZ CPU SPEED.
B. 32 MB RAM.
C. 140 MB HARD–DISK SPACE.
1. IT IS A NON–PLUG AND PLAY 16-BIT
HYBRID OPERATING SYSTEM.
2. IT WILL SUPPORT FAT-16 AND NTFS-4.0
FILE SYSTEM.
3. IT WILL SUPPORT IP VERSION 4.0 ( 32 BIT ).
4. BACK – UP IS ONLY POSSIBLE IN TAPE
DRIVE.
5. WIN-NT HAVE MANY TYPE OF ADDITIONS
LIKE STANDARD , ENTERPRICES , TERMINAL
SERVER.
6. WIN-NT SUPPORTS FDC , BDC AND STAND
ALONE SERVER.
7. IT WILL SUPPORT SINGLE MASTER
REPLICATION MODEL. ( MEANS READ ).
8. NTFS PARTISION IS NOT COMPULSORY TO
MAKE NT DOMAIN.
9. DNS IS NOT COMPULSORY IN WIN-NT.
10. IT WILL SUPPORT 40 THOUSAND USER
ACCOUNTS.
11. IT WILL SUPPORT MAXIMUM OF 22
DEVICES.
12. WIN-NT DOES NOT SUPPORT EFS AND
DISK QUOTA.
13. WIN-NT SUPPORTS NTDS SERVICES.
NTDS : - NETWORK DIRECTORY SERVICES.
14. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS OF NT : -
A. 33 MHZ CPU SPEED.
B. 32 MB RAM.
C. 140 MB HARD–DISK SPACE.
TO GIVE SHARING FOR FILES , DIRECTORIES AND MOVIES
TO GIVE SHARING FOR FILES , DIRECTORIES AND MOVIES
1. GO TO START > RUN.
2. TYPE \\IP - ADDRESS OF ANOTHER COMPUTER > THEN CLICK OK.
1. GO TO START > RUN.
2. TYPE \\IP - ADDRESS OF ANOTHER COMPUTER > THEN CLICK OK.
WIN – POPUP
WIN – POPUP
1. GO TO START > RUN > TYPE WINPOPUP.
2. CLICK OK > GO TO MESSAGE OPTION.
3. CLICK SEND > TYPE ANOTHER COMPUTER NAME.
4. TYPE ANY MESSAGE > THEN CLICK OK.
1. GO TO START > RUN > TYPE WINPOPUP.
2. CLICK OK > GO TO MESSAGE OPTION.
3. CLICK SEND > TYPE ANOTHER COMPUTER NAME.
4. TYPE ANY MESSAGE > THEN CLICK OK.
HOW TO USE NET – MEETING
HOW TO USE NET – MEETING
IN PLACE OF ADDRESS BAR TYPE ANOTHER COMPUTER IP – ADDRESS,
THEN CLICK TELE – PHONE ICON THEN CLICK ACCEPT MESSAGE IN ANOTHER
COMPUTER.
1. SHARED PROGRAM : IN NET – MEETING FIRST ICON SUPPORTS DESK – TOP
SHARING.
2. CHAT : IN NET – MEETING SECOND ICON SUPPORTS CHATING FROM ONE
COMPUTER TO ANOTHER COMPUTER.
3. WHITE BOARD : IN NET – MEETING THIRD ICON SUPPORTS PAINTING.
4. TRANSFER FILES : IN NET – MEETING FOURTH ICON SUPPORTS TRANSFER OF
FILES FROM ONE COMPUTER TO ANOTHER COMPUTER . CLICK ON THE FOURTH ICON ,
THEN CLICK ADD FILES , SELECT FILES WHICH U WANT TO TRANSFER THEN CLICK
ADD. SELECT THE PERSON U WANT TO SEND THE FILE THEN CLICK SEND ALL.
IF U WANT TO SEE SENDED FILES TO ANOTHER COMPUTER
CLICK FOURTH ICON AND CLICK VIEW RECEIVE FILES ICON.
IN PLACE OF ADDRESS BAR TYPE ANOTHER COMPUTER IP – ADDRESS,
THEN CLICK TELE – PHONE ICON THEN CLICK ACCEPT MESSAGE IN ANOTHER
COMPUTER.
1. SHARED PROGRAM : IN NET – MEETING FIRST ICON SUPPORTS DESK – TOP
SHARING.
2. CHAT : IN NET – MEETING SECOND ICON SUPPORTS CHATING FROM ONE
COMPUTER TO ANOTHER COMPUTER.
3. WHITE BOARD : IN NET – MEETING THIRD ICON SUPPORTS PAINTING.
4. TRANSFER FILES : IN NET – MEETING FOURTH ICON SUPPORTS TRANSFER OF
FILES FROM ONE COMPUTER TO ANOTHER COMPUTER . CLICK ON THE FOURTH ICON ,
THEN CLICK ADD FILES , SELECT FILES WHICH U WANT TO TRANSFER THEN CLICK
ADD. SELECT THE PERSON U WANT TO SEND THE FILE THEN CLICK SEND ALL.
IF U WANT TO SEE SENDED FILES TO ANOTHER COMPUTER
CLICK FOURTH ICON AND CLICK VIEW RECEIVE FILES ICON.
NET – MEETING
NET – MEETING
1. GO TO START > RUN.
2. TYPE CONF > OK > NEXT.
3. WRITE FIRST NAME : LAST NAME : EMAIL ADDRESS : LOCATION : COMMENTS :
4. CLICK NEXT > AGAIN NEXT > SELECT LAN.
5. CLICK NEXT > AGAIN NEXT > THEN CLICK FINISH.
1. GO TO START > RUN.
2. TYPE CONF > OK > NEXT.
3. WRITE FIRST NAME : LAST NAME : EMAIL ADDRESS : LOCATION : COMMENTS :
4. CLICK NEXT > AGAIN NEXT > SELECT LAN.
5. CLICK NEXT > AGAIN NEXT > THEN CLICK FINISH.
TO CHECK THE CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN 2 COMPUTERS
1. GO TO START > RUN > COMMAND > OK.
2. C:\> PING 192.168.100.3 ( THI MUST BE THE IP – ADDRESS OF ANOTHER COMPUTER ).
3. PING : - PACKET INTERFACE GOOPHER.
2. C:\> PING 192.168.100.3 ( THI MUST BE THE IP – ADDRESS OF ANOTHER COMPUTER ).
3. PING : - PACKET INTERFACE GOOPHER.
TO CHECK THE IP – ADDRESS IN GRAPHICAL MODE
TO CHECK THE IP – ADDRESS IN GRAPHICAL MODE
1. GO TO START > RUN > WINIPCFG > CLICK OK.
2. WE CANNOT CHANGE THE MAC ADDRESS OF THE LAN CARD.
3. MAC : - MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL.
1. GO TO START > RUN > WINIPCFG > CLICK OK.
2. WE CANNOT CHANGE THE MAC ADDRESS OF THE LAN CARD.
3. MAC : - MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL.
TO CHECK THE SYSTEM IP – ADDRESS
TO CHECK THE SYSTEM IP – ADDRESS
1. GO TO START > RUN > COMMAND PROMPT.
2. TYPE IPCONFIG > PRESS ENTER.
3. TO CHECK ALL THE SYSTEMS IP – ADDRESS, TYPE IPCONFIG /ALL.
1. GO TO START > RUN > COMMAND PROMPT.
2. TYPE IPCONFIG > PRESS ENTER.
3. TO CHECK ALL THE SYSTEMS IP – ADDRESS, TYPE IPCONFIG /ALL.
NETWORK CONFIGRATION IN WIN – 98
NETWORK CONFIGRATION IN WIN – 98
1. GO TO NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
2. CLICK ADD > SELECT NETWORK COMPONENT TYPE.
A. CLIENT : - CLIENT FOR MICRO-SOFT NETWORKS.
B. ADAPTER : - LAN CARD ( EX : - REAL TAKE RTL 8139 ).
C. PROTOCOL : - TCP/IP.
D. SERVICE : - FILE AND PRINTER SHARING FOR MICRO – SOFT NETWORKS.
3. SELECT TCP/IP > CLICK PROPERTIES.
4. SELECT SPECIFY AN IP – ADDRESS.
EX : - IP – ADDRESS 192.168.100.0
SUBNET MASK 255.255.255.0
5. CLICK OK > AGAIN OK > CLICK YES TO RESTART THE COMPUTER.
1. GO TO NETWORK NEIGHBOURHOOD > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
2. CLICK ADD > SELECT NETWORK COMPONENT TYPE.
A. CLIENT : - CLIENT FOR MICRO-SOFT NETWORKS.
B. ADAPTER : - LAN CARD ( EX : - REAL TAKE RTL 8139 ).
C. PROTOCOL : - TCP/IP.
D. SERVICE : - FILE AND PRINTER SHARING FOR MICRO – SOFT NETWORKS.
3. SELECT TCP/IP > CLICK PROPERTIES.
4. SELECT SPECIFY AN IP – ADDRESS.
EX : - IP – ADDRESS 192.168.100.0
SUBNET MASK 255.255.255.0
5. CLICK OK > AGAIN OK > CLICK YES TO RESTART THE COMPUTER.
TYPES OF LAN CARDS
TYPES OF LAN CARDS
1. SIMPLEX : ONE – WAY COMMUNICATION.
2. HALF – DUPLEX : BOTH – WAY COMMUNICATION BUT ONE TIME ONE WAY USED
IN P – 3 COMPUTERS.
3. DUPLEX : BOTH – WAY COMMUNICATION AT A TIME USED IN P – 4 COMPUTERS.
1. SIMPLEX : ONE – WAY COMMUNICATION.
2. HALF – DUPLEX : BOTH – WAY COMMUNICATION BUT ONE TIME ONE WAY USED
IN P – 3 COMPUTERS.
3. DUPLEX : BOTH – WAY COMMUNICATION AT A TIME USED IN P – 4 COMPUTERS.
LAN – CARD INSTALLATION IN WIN – 98
LAN – CARD INSTALLATION IN WIN – 98
1. GO TO MY – COMPUTER > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
2. CLICK DEVICE MANAGER > SELECT PCI ETHERNET CONTROLLER.
3. SELECT REMOVE > CLICK OK > CLICK REFRESH.
4. NEW HARD – WARE FOUND PCI ETHERNET CONTROLLER.
5. CLICK NEXT > SELECT SEARCH FOR THE BEST DRIVER FOR YOUR DEVICE.
6. CLICK NEXT > SELECT SPECIFY A LOCATION.
7. CLICK BROWSE > INSERT LAN CARD DRIVER CD AND MENTION THE PROPER PATH.
8. CLICK NEXT > NEXT > COPYING FILES.
9. CLICK FINISH > CLICK YES TO RESTART THE COMPUTER.
1. GO TO MY – COMPUTER > RIGHT CLICK PROPERTIES.
2. CLICK DEVICE MANAGER > SELECT PCI ETHERNET CONTROLLER.
3. SELECT REMOVE > CLICK OK > CLICK REFRESH.
4. NEW HARD – WARE FOUND PCI ETHERNET CONTROLLER.
5. CLICK NEXT > SELECT SEARCH FOR THE BEST DRIVER FOR YOUR DEVICE.
6. CLICK NEXT > SELECT SPECIFY A LOCATION.
7. CLICK BROWSE > INSERT LAN CARD DRIVER CD AND MENTION THE PROPER PATH.
8. CLICK NEXT > NEXT > COPYING FILES.
9. CLICK FINISH > CLICK YES TO RESTART THE COMPUTER.
WIN – 98 INSTALLATION
WIN – 98 INSTALLATION
1. START COMPUTER > PRESS DEL BUTTON TO ENTER CMOS SETUP.
2. GO TO ADVANCED BIOS FEATURES > SELECT FIRST BOOT DEVICE AS CD-ROM.
3. PRESS F-10 TO SAVE AND EXIT > THEN PRESS ANY KEY BOOT FROM CD.
4. SELECT START COMPUTER WITH CD-ROM SUPPORT THEN PRESS ENTER.
5. TYPE A:\>FDISK THEN PRESS ENTER TO ENTER FDISK.
6. DO YOU WISH TO ENABLE LARGE DISK SUPPORT PRESS YES > THEN ENTER.
• IF U SELECT “ NO ” THEN IT WILL GO FOR FAT – 16 FILE SYSTEM.
• IF U SELECT “ YES ” THEN IT WILL GO FOR FAT – 32 FILE SYSTEM.
7. FIRST DELETE ALL PARTITIONS AND CREATE NEW PARTITION.
8. AFTER FORMATING THE PARTITIONS THEN ACTIVE THE PRIMARY DRIVE.
9. THEN TYPE A:>WIN 98\SETUP IS\IV\NR\IE THEN PRESS ENTER.
10. AFTER CHECKING THE FILES IT WILL ASK CD KEY > TYPE CD KEY.
11. THEN PRESS NEXT > THEN SELECT TIME ZONE +5:30 > PRESS ENTER.
12. AFTER COMPLETING THE INSTALLATION WIN-98 SYSTEM STARTS.
NOTE : SYSTEM FILES ARE COMMAND.COM > IO.SYS > MSDOS.SYS.
WIN-98 PRODUCT KEY : FXR3M – FM9D7 – P9H6H – F2D8J – P9GQD.
1. START COMPUTER > PRESS DEL BUTTON TO ENTER CMOS SETUP.
2. GO TO ADVANCED BIOS FEATURES > SELECT FIRST BOOT DEVICE AS CD-ROM.
3. PRESS F-10 TO SAVE AND EXIT > THEN PRESS ANY KEY BOOT FROM CD.
4. SELECT START COMPUTER WITH CD-ROM SUPPORT THEN PRESS ENTER.
5. TYPE A:\>FDISK THEN PRESS ENTER TO ENTER FDISK.
6. DO YOU WISH TO ENABLE LARGE DISK SUPPORT PRESS YES > THEN ENTER.
• IF U SELECT “ NO ” THEN IT WILL GO FOR FAT – 16 FILE SYSTEM.
• IF U SELECT “ YES ” THEN IT WILL GO FOR FAT – 32 FILE SYSTEM.
7. FIRST DELETE ALL PARTITIONS AND CREATE NEW PARTITION.
8. AFTER FORMATING THE PARTITIONS THEN ACTIVE THE PRIMARY DRIVE.
9. THEN TYPE A:>WIN 98\SETUP IS\IV\NR\IE THEN PRESS ENTER.
10. AFTER CHECKING THE FILES IT WILL ASK CD KEY > TYPE CD KEY.
11. THEN PRESS NEXT > THEN SELECT TIME ZONE +5:30 > PRESS ENTER.
12. AFTER COMPLETING THE INSTALLATION WIN-98 SYSTEM STARTS.
NOTE : SYSTEM FILES ARE COMMAND.COM > IO.SYS > MSDOS.SYS.
WIN-98 PRODUCT KEY : FXR3M – FM9D7 – P9H6H – F2D8J – P9GQD.
CD-ROM DRIVER INSTALLATION
CD-ROM DRIVER INSTALLATION
1. A:\>COPY MSCDEX.EXE C:
2. A:\>COPY OAKCDROM.SYS C:
3. C:\> COPY CON CONFIG.SYS
4. FILES=40 , BUFFER=80 , PRESS CTRL Z TO SAVE.
5. A:\>EDIT C:\CONFIG.SYS
6. DEVICE=C:\PAKCDROM.SYS_/D:MSCD001.
7. LASTDRIVE =Z:
8. C:\> COPY CON AUTOEXEC.BAT
9. MSCDEX.EXE_/D:MSCD001 PRESS ENTER.
10. PRESS F6 TO SAVE AND RESTART THE COMPUTER.
1. A:\>COPY MSCDEX.EXE C:
2. A:\>COPY OAKCDROM.SYS C:
3. C:\> COPY CON CONFIG.SYS
4. FILES=40 , BUFFER=80 , PRESS CTRL Z TO SAVE.
5. A:\>EDIT C:\CONFIG.SYS
6. DEVICE=C:\PAKCDROM.SYS_/D:MSCD001.
7. LASTDRIVE =Z:
8. C:\> COPY CON AUTOEXEC.BAT
9. MSCDEX.EXE_/D:MSCD001 PRESS ENTER.
10. PRESS F6 TO SAVE AND RESTART THE COMPUTER.
TYPES OF FILE SYSTEMS
TYPES OF FILE SYSTEMS
1. NTFS : - NEW TECHNOLOGY FILE SYSTEM.
2. FAT : - FILE ALLOCATION TABLE.
3. HPFS : - HIGH PERFORMANCE FILE SYSTEM.
4. CDFS : - COMPACT DISK FILE SYSTEM.
5. UDF : - UNIVERSAL DISK FORMAT.
6. JFS : - JOURNAL FILE SYSTEM.
1. NTFS : THERE ARE OF 2 VERSIONS , NTFS 4.0 AND NTFS 5.0 : -
NTFS 4.0 VERSION NTFS 5.0 VERSION
1. BASED ON BINARY SEARCH
TECHNOLOGY. 1. BASED ON BINARY SEARCH
TECHNOLOGY.
2.SUPPORTS WIN – NT O/S. 2. SUPPORTS WIN – 2K , WIN – 2K3 AND
WINDOWS XP O/S.
3.FILE AND FOLDER SECURITY IS
AVAILABLE. 3. FILE AND FOLDER IMP SECURITY IS
AVAILABLE.
4. DISK COMPRESSION. 4. DISK COMPRESSION.
5. SUPPORTS DISK QUOTA.
6. SUPPORTS EFS ( ENCRYPTED FILE SYSTEM )
2. FAT : FAT FILE SYSTEM IS DIVIDED INTO 2 TYPES, FAT 16 AND FAT 32 : -
FAT 16 FILE SYSTEM FAT 32 FILE SYSTEM
1. BASED ON LINEAR SEARCH
TECHNOLOGY. 1. BASED ON LINEAR SEARCH
TECHNOLOGY.
2. SPEES OF ACCESS IS LESS THAN
512 KB. 2. SPEED OF ACCESS IS GREATER THAN
512 KB.
3. SUPPORTS MAXIMUM OF 8 GB HARD –
DISK CAPACITY. 3. SUPPORTS MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF
THE HARD – DISK CAPACITY.
4. SUPPORTS ONE DRIVE SIZE MAXIMUM
OF 2047 MB OR 2 GB. 4. SUPPORTS ONE DRIVE SIZE MAXIMUM
OF 32 GB.
5. SUPPORTS MS – DOS , WIN – NT NOVEL. 5. SUPPORTS ALL WINDOWS EXCEPT
MS – DOS AND NOVEL NETWORK.
3. HPFS : IT IS THE OLDER VERSION OF NTFS.
EX : - WIN 3.10 , WIN 3.15 , WIN 3.50 , WIN 3.51.
4. CDFS : IT IS A CD FORMAT.
IT WILL SUPPORTS MAXIMUM OF 800 MB CAPACITY TO WRITE.
A. ON CD THERE WILL BE ONLY TRACKS, BUT NOT SECTORS.
B. IT CONSISTS OF PITS AND LANDS.
C. PITS STORES THE DATA AND LANDS ARE THE GAPS BETWEEN THE DATA.
D. ON CDS ONE LAYER MAGNETIC COATING IS AVAILABLE, WHICH STORES THE DATA.
5. UDF : UNIVERSAL DISK FORMAT.
A. IT IS A DVD FORMAT.
B. IT HAS 3 – LAYER MAGNETIC COATING.
C. IN ONE DVD CD, WE CAN STORE ABOUT MINIMUM OF 4.7 GB AND MAXIMUM OF 18 GB.
D. PITS SIZE IS MORE IN DVD.
6. JFS : IT SUPPORTS UNIX , SUN SOLARISIS AND APPLE MACHINTOSH OPERATING
SYSTEMS.
1. NTFS : - NEW TECHNOLOGY FILE SYSTEM.
2. FAT : - FILE ALLOCATION TABLE.
3. HPFS : - HIGH PERFORMANCE FILE SYSTEM.
4. CDFS : - COMPACT DISK FILE SYSTEM.
5. UDF : - UNIVERSAL DISK FORMAT.
6. JFS : - JOURNAL FILE SYSTEM.
1. NTFS : THERE ARE OF 2 VERSIONS , NTFS 4.0 AND NTFS 5.0 : -
NTFS 4.0 VERSION NTFS 5.0 VERSION
1. BASED ON BINARY SEARCH
TECHNOLOGY. 1. BASED ON BINARY SEARCH
TECHNOLOGY.
2.SUPPORTS WIN – NT O/S. 2. SUPPORTS WIN – 2K , WIN – 2K3 AND
WINDOWS XP O/S.
3.FILE AND FOLDER SECURITY IS
AVAILABLE. 3. FILE AND FOLDER IMP SECURITY IS
AVAILABLE.
4. DISK COMPRESSION. 4. DISK COMPRESSION.
5. SUPPORTS DISK QUOTA.
6. SUPPORTS EFS ( ENCRYPTED FILE SYSTEM )
2. FAT : FAT FILE SYSTEM IS DIVIDED INTO 2 TYPES, FAT 16 AND FAT 32 : -
FAT 16 FILE SYSTEM FAT 32 FILE SYSTEM
1. BASED ON LINEAR SEARCH
TECHNOLOGY. 1. BASED ON LINEAR SEARCH
TECHNOLOGY.
2. SPEES OF ACCESS IS LESS THAN
512 KB. 2. SPEED OF ACCESS IS GREATER THAN
512 KB.
3. SUPPORTS MAXIMUM OF 8 GB HARD –
DISK CAPACITY. 3. SUPPORTS MAXIMUM CAPACITY OF
THE HARD – DISK CAPACITY.
4. SUPPORTS ONE DRIVE SIZE MAXIMUM
OF 2047 MB OR 2 GB. 4. SUPPORTS ONE DRIVE SIZE MAXIMUM
OF 32 GB.
5. SUPPORTS MS – DOS , WIN – NT NOVEL. 5. SUPPORTS ALL WINDOWS EXCEPT
MS – DOS AND NOVEL NETWORK.
3. HPFS : IT IS THE OLDER VERSION OF NTFS.
EX : - WIN 3.10 , WIN 3.15 , WIN 3.50 , WIN 3.51.
4. CDFS : IT IS A CD FORMAT.
IT WILL SUPPORTS MAXIMUM OF 800 MB CAPACITY TO WRITE.
A. ON CD THERE WILL BE ONLY TRACKS, BUT NOT SECTORS.
B. IT CONSISTS OF PITS AND LANDS.
C. PITS STORES THE DATA AND LANDS ARE THE GAPS BETWEEN THE DATA.
D. ON CDS ONE LAYER MAGNETIC COATING IS AVAILABLE, WHICH STORES THE DATA.
5. UDF : UNIVERSAL DISK FORMAT.
A. IT IS A DVD FORMAT.
B. IT HAS 3 – LAYER MAGNETIC COATING.
C. IN ONE DVD CD, WE CAN STORE ABOUT MINIMUM OF 4.7 GB AND MAXIMUM OF 18 GB.
D. PITS SIZE IS MORE IN DVD.
6. JFS : IT SUPPORTS UNIX , SUN SOLARISIS AND APPLE MACHINTOSH OPERATING
SYSTEMS.
TYPES OF PROTOCOLS
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TCP AND UDP
TCP UDP
1. TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL. 1. USER DATA PROGRAM PROTOCOL.
2. CONNECTION ORIENTED PROTOCOL. 2. CONNECTION LESS PROTOCOL.
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REPORT. 3. NO ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REPORT.
4. SLOWER. 4. FASTER.
5. PORT NO : - 6. 5. PORT NO : - 17.
6. EX : - HTTP , FTP , SMTP , NNTP , POP3. 6. DNS , DHCP , TFTP.
TYPES OF PROTOCOLS
1. APPLICATION PROTOCOL.
2. AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
3. COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL.
4. ROUTING PROTOCOL.
5. ROUTABLE PROTOCOL.
6. NON – ROUTABLE PROTOCOL.
7. TRANSPORT PROTOCOL.
8. WAN PROTOCOL.
1. APPLICATION PROTOCOL : APPLICATION PROTOCOLS ARE USED FOR : -
A. WEB – PAGES. EX : - HTTP ( HYPER TEXT TRANSFER FILE ).
B. FOR DOWNLOADING AND UPLOADING. EX : - FTP ( FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL ).
C. FOR SENDING MAILS. EX : - NNTP ( NETWORK NEWS TRANSFER PROTOCOL ).
2. AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL : WHICH IS HAVING THE AUTHORITY TO LOGIN THE
COMPUTER.
EXAMPLE : -
A. NTLM ( NEW TECHNOLOGY LAN MANAGER ) : USED FOR WINDOWS 9X
FAMILY AND WINNT }.
B. KERBEROS VERSION 5 : USED FOR WIN - 2K FAMILY AND WIN – 2K3 FAMILY.
C. PAP : PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
D. SPAP : SHIVA PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
E. CHAP : CHALLENGE HAND SHAKE AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
F. MS-CHAP : MICROSOFT CHALLENGE HAND SHAKE AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
3. COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO COMMUNICATE ONE
COMPUTER TO ANOTHER COMPUTER.
A. TCP/IP ( TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL / INTERNET PROTOCOL ) : IT IS
SUPPORTED BY ALL OPERATING SYSTEMS AND IT IS ALSO CALLED AS OPEN
PROTOCOL.
B. IPX/SPX ( INTER-NETWORKING POCKET EX-CHANGE / SEQUENCIAL PACKET
EX-CHANGE : IT SUPPORTS NOVELL NET-WARE OPERATING SYSTEMS.
C. NET BEUI ( NET BIOS EN-HANCED USER INTER-FACE ) : IT WILL ALLOW TO
COMMUNICATE ALL WINDOWS BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS.
D. APPLE TALK : IT WILL SUPPOERT APPLE MACHINTOSH OPERATING SYSTEMS.
4. ROUTING PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO MAINTAIN ROUTING TABLES FOR EVERY
NETWORK.
1. RIP : ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL.
2. IGRP : INTERIER GATE-WAY ROUTING PROTOCOL.
3. EIGRP : EN-HANCED INTERIER GATE-WAY ROUTING PROTOCOL.
4. OSPF : OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST.
5. ROUTABLE PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO COMMUNICATE ONE NETWORK TO
ANOTHER NETWORK.
EX : - IP, IPX, APPLE TALK.
6. NON-ROUTABLE PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO SEND THE PACKETS WITH IN
THE NETWORK.
EX : - NET BEUI.
7. TRANSPORT PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO TRANSFER INFORMATION FROM ONE
COMPUTER TO ANOTHER COMPUTER.
EX : - TCP, UDP, SPX.
8. WAN PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO COMMUNICATE ONE WIDE AREA NETWORK
TO ANOTHER WIDE AREA NETWORK.
EXAMPLES : -
1. HDLC : HIGH LEVEL DATA LINK CONTROL, USED FOR CISCO ROTERS.
2. SDLC : SEQUENTIAL DATA LINK CONTROL, USED FOR IBM ROUTERS.
3. PPP : POINT TO POINT PROTOCOL.
4. SLIP : SYNCROUNS LINE INTERNET PROTOCOL.
5. ATM : ASYNCROUNS TRANSFER MODE.
6. DHCP RELAY AGENT.
TCP UDP
1. TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL. 1. USER DATA PROGRAM PROTOCOL.
2. CONNECTION ORIENTED PROTOCOL. 2. CONNECTION LESS PROTOCOL.
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REPORT. 3. NO ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REPORT.
4. SLOWER. 4. FASTER.
5. PORT NO : - 6. 5. PORT NO : - 17.
6. EX : - HTTP , FTP , SMTP , NNTP , POP3. 6. DNS , DHCP , TFTP.
TYPES OF PROTOCOLS
1. APPLICATION PROTOCOL.
2. AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
3. COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL.
4. ROUTING PROTOCOL.
5. ROUTABLE PROTOCOL.
6. NON – ROUTABLE PROTOCOL.
7. TRANSPORT PROTOCOL.
8. WAN PROTOCOL.
1. APPLICATION PROTOCOL : APPLICATION PROTOCOLS ARE USED FOR : -
A. WEB – PAGES. EX : - HTTP ( HYPER TEXT TRANSFER FILE ).
B. FOR DOWNLOADING AND UPLOADING. EX : - FTP ( FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL ).
C. FOR SENDING MAILS. EX : - NNTP ( NETWORK NEWS TRANSFER PROTOCOL ).
2. AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL : WHICH IS HAVING THE AUTHORITY TO LOGIN THE
COMPUTER.
EXAMPLE : -
A. NTLM ( NEW TECHNOLOGY LAN MANAGER ) : USED FOR WINDOWS 9X
FAMILY AND WINNT }.
B. KERBEROS VERSION 5 : USED FOR WIN - 2K FAMILY AND WIN – 2K3 FAMILY.
C. PAP : PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
D. SPAP : SHIVA PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
E. CHAP : CHALLENGE HAND SHAKE AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
F. MS-CHAP : MICROSOFT CHALLENGE HAND SHAKE AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL.
3. COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO COMMUNICATE ONE
COMPUTER TO ANOTHER COMPUTER.
A. TCP/IP ( TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL / INTERNET PROTOCOL ) : IT IS
SUPPORTED BY ALL OPERATING SYSTEMS AND IT IS ALSO CALLED AS OPEN
PROTOCOL.
B. IPX/SPX ( INTER-NETWORKING POCKET EX-CHANGE / SEQUENCIAL PACKET
EX-CHANGE : IT SUPPORTS NOVELL NET-WARE OPERATING SYSTEMS.
C. NET BEUI ( NET BIOS EN-HANCED USER INTER-FACE ) : IT WILL ALLOW TO
COMMUNICATE ALL WINDOWS BASED OPERATING SYSTEMS.
D. APPLE TALK : IT WILL SUPPOERT APPLE MACHINTOSH OPERATING SYSTEMS.
4. ROUTING PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO MAINTAIN ROUTING TABLES FOR EVERY
NETWORK.
1. RIP : ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL.
2. IGRP : INTERIER GATE-WAY ROUTING PROTOCOL.
3. EIGRP : EN-HANCED INTERIER GATE-WAY ROUTING PROTOCOL.
4. OSPF : OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST.
5. ROUTABLE PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO COMMUNICATE ONE NETWORK TO
ANOTHER NETWORK.
EX : - IP, IPX, APPLE TALK.
6. NON-ROUTABLE PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO SEND THE PACKETS WITH IN
THE NETWORK.
EX : - NET BEUI.
7. TRANSPORT PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO TRANSFER INFORMATION FROM ONE
COMPUTER TO ANOTHER COMPUTER.
EX : - TCP, UDP, SPX.
8. WAN PROTOCOL : IT WILL ALLOW TO COMMUNICATE ONE WIDE AREA NETWORK
TO ANOTHER WIDE AREA NETWORK.
EXAMPLES : -
1. HDLC : HIGH LEVEL DATA LINK CONTROL, USED FOR CISCO ROTERS.
2. SDLC : SEQUENTIAL DATA LINK CONTROL, USED FOR IBM ROUTERS.
3. PPP : POINT TO POINT PROTOCOL.
4. SLIP : SYNCROUNS LINE INTERNET PROTOCOL.
5. ATM : ASYNCROUNS TRANSFER MODE.
6. DHCP RELAY AGENT.
PROTOCOLS
LAYER 4 OR TRANSPORT LAYER
ALL TYPES OF PROTOCOL ARE AVAILABLE IN THIS LAYER. IT IS ALSO CALLED AS “ HEART OF OSI ”.
PORT NUMBER : - IT IS THE ENTRY OF PROTOCOL IN THE O/S. THERE ARE TOTAL 65,555 PORTS AVAILABLE. IN THIS 0 – 1023 PORTS ARE RESERVED.
EX : - HTTP – 80
FTP – 21
SMTP – 25.
NNTP – 119.
POP3 – 109.
IMAP4 – 143.
TELNET – 23.
DNS – 53.
DHCP – 67.
TFTP – 69.
PROTOCOLS
PROTOCOL : IT IS A SET OF RULES AND REGULATIONS TO TRANSFER INFORMATION
FROM TWO COMPUTERS IN THE SAME NETWORK.
TOTAL 0 – 65,535 PORTS ARE AVAILABLE , WHICH ALLOW TO COMMUNICATE TWO COMPUTERS BY USING DIFFERENT PROTOCOLS.
0 – 1023 PORTS ARE RESERVED PORTS.
TYPES OF PROTOCOLS
1. CONNECTION ORIENTED : EX : - TCP.
2. CONNECTION LESS : EX : - UDP.
ALL TYPES OF PROTOCOL ARE AVAILABLE IN THIS LAYER. IT IS ALSO CALLED AS “ HEART OF OSI ”.
PORT NUMBER : - IT IS THE ENTRY OF PROTOCOL IN THE O/S. THERE ARE TOTAL 65,555 PORTS AVAILABLE. IN THIS 0 – 1023 PORTS ARE RESERVED.
EX : - HTTP – 80
FTP – 21
SMTP – 25.
NNTP – 119.
POP3 – 109.
IMAP4 – 143.
TELNET – 23.
DNS – 53.
DHCP – 67.
TFTP – 69.
PROTOCOLS
PROTOCOL : IT IS A SET OF RULES AND REGULATIONS TO TRANSFER INFORMATION
FROM TWO COMPUTERS IN THE SAME NETWORK.
TOTAL 0 – 65,535 PORTS ARE AVAILABLE , WHICH ALLOW TO COMMUNICATE TWO COMPUTERS BY USING DIFFERENT PROTOCOLS.
0 – 1023 PORTS ARE RESERVED PORTS.
TYPES OF PROTOCOLS
1. CONNECTION ORIENTED : EX : - TCP.
2. CONNECTION LESS : EX : - UDP.
IP – ADDRESSING
IP – ADDRESSING
1. IP – ADDRESSING IS DIVIDED INTO 2 TYPES : -
1. NET ID : IN ONE NETWORK NET ID MUST BE SAME.
2. HOST ID : EVERY COMPUTER HAVE UNIQUE HOST ID.
EX : - NET ID HOST ID
192.168.100. 10
192.168.100. 20
2. IP – ADDRESS IS DIVIDED INTO 5 CLASSES : -
• CLASS – A : PUBLIC IP – ADDRESS.
• CLASS – B : PUBLIC IP – ADDRESS.
• CLASS – C : PUBLIC IP – ADDRESS.
• CLASS – D : MULTI – CASTING IP – ADDRESS.
• CLASS – E : RESERVED FOR RESEARCH.
A.
B.
C.
D
1. CLASS – A :
NET ID HOST ID
• IN CLASS A , FIRST OCTET IS A NET – ID AND REMAINING ARE HOST –ID.
• IN PLACE OF FIRST OCTET , FIRST SIGNAL IS ON AND REMAINING ARE OFF SIGNALS.
• PLACE OF FIRST OCTET : - { 10000000 } TO BASE 2 = ( 128 ) TO BASE 10.
. ‘ . PLACE OF A : - [ 0 - 127 ].
. ‘ . BETWEEN 0 – 127 IS CLASS A IP – ADDRESS.
• NO.OF HOST IN THE NETWORK : - ( 255 ) WHOLE CUBE OR 2 TO THE POWER OF ( 24 ).
. ’ . 1.67 CRORES OF COMPUTERS
i.e IP- ADDRESS FROM 1.0.0.0 TO 1.255.255.255.
• NO.OF NETWORKS IN CLASS A : - 127 NETWORKS ARE POSSIBLE.
• SUB-NET MASK FOR CLASS A : - 255.0.0.0.
A. B.C. D.
2. CLASS B :
NET ID HOST ID
• IN CLASS B , FIRST 2 OCTET IS NET – ID AND REMAINING ARE HOST – ID.IN PLACE OF FIRST OCTET , FIRST 2 SIGNALS ARE ON SIGNALS AND REMAINING ARE OFF SIGNALS.
• PLACE OF FIRST OCTET : - { 11000000 } TO BASE 2 = ( 192 ) TO BASE 10. PLACE OF A : [ 128 -191 ].
• NO.OF HOST IN NETWORK : - ( 255 ) WHOLE SQAURE OR 2 TO THE POWER OF 16.65,036 HOST COMPUTERS IN ONE NETWORK.
• NO.OF NETWORKS IN CLASS B : - OFF SIGNALS MULTIPLIED BY ON SIGNALS. 255 * 633
• SUBNET MASK FOR CLASS B : - 255.255.0.0
A. B. C.D.
3. CLASS C : -
NET ID HOST ID
• IN CLASS B , FIRST 3 OCTET IS NET – ID AND REMAINING ARE HOST – ID.IN PLACE OF FIRST OCTET , FIRST 3 SIGNALS ARE ON SIGNALS AND REMAINING ARE OFF SIGNALS.
• PLACE OF FIRST OCTET : - { 11100000 } TO BASE 2 = ( 224 ) TO BASE 10. PLACE OF A : [ 192 - 223 ].
• NO.OF HOST IN NETWORK : - ( 255 ).
• NO.OF NETWORKS IN CLASS C : - 2 TO THE POWER OF 21 NETWORKS.
• SUBNET MASK FOR CLASS B : - 255.255.255.0
4. CLASS D : -
• IN CLASS D , NO NET – ID AND HOST – ID ARE AVAILABLE.
• IN PLACE OF FIRST OCTET , FIRST 4 SIGNALS ARE ON SIGNALS AND REMAINING ARE OFF SIGNALS.
•PLACE OF FIRST OCTET : - { 11110000 } TO BASE 2 = ( 240 ) TO BASE 10.PLACE OF A : [ 224 - 239 ].
• IT WILL USE TO BROAD CAST INFORMATION TO ALL CONNECTED TERMINALS.
• IT IS USED FOR VIDEO CONFRESSING.
• IT IS ALSO CALLED AS MULTI-CASTING IP – ADDRESS.
PUBLIC IP – ADDRESS
1. CLASS – A : 10. 0. 0. 0
2. CLASS – B : 172. 16. 0. 0
3. CLASS – C : 192. 168. 0. 0
1. IP – ADDRESSING IS DIVIDED INTO 2 TYPES : -
1. NET ID : IN ONE NETWORK NET ID MUST BE SAME.
2. HOST ID : EVERY COMPUTER HAVE UNIQUE HOST ID.
EX : - NET ID HOST ID
192.168.100. 10
192.168.100. 20
2. IP – ADDRESS IS DIVIDED INTO 5 CLASSES : -
• CLASS – A : PUBLIC IP – ADDRESS.
• CLASS – B : PUBLIC IP – ADDRESS.
• CLASS – C : PUBLIC IP – ADDRESS.
• CLASS – D : MULTI – CASTING IP – ADDRESS.
• CLASS – E : RESERVED FOR RESEARCH.
A.
B.
C.
D
1. CLASS – A :
NET ID HOST ID
• IN CLASS A , FIRST OCTET IS A NET – ID AND REMAINING ARE HOST –ID.
• IN PLACE OF FIRST OCTET , FIRST SIGNAL IS ON AND REMAINING ARE OFF SIGNALS.
• PLACE OF FIRST OCTET : - { 10000000 } TO BASE 2 = ( 128 ) TO BASE 10.
. ‘ . PLACE OF A : - [ 0 - 127 ].
. ‘ . BETWEEN 0 – 127 IS CLASS A IP – ADDRESS.
• NO.OF HOST IN THE NETWORK : - ( 255 ) WHOLE CUBE OR 2 TO THE POWER OF ( 24 ).
. ’ . 1.67 CRORES OF COMPUTERS
i.e IP- ADDRESS FROM 1.0.0.0 TO 1.255.255.255.
• NO.OF NETWORKS IN CLASS A : - 127 NETWORKS ARE POSSIBLE.
• SUB-NET MASK FOR CLASS A : - 255.0.0.0.
A. B.C. D.
2. CLASS B :
NET ID HOST ID
• IN CLASS B , FIRST 2 OCTET IS NET – ID AND REMAINING ARE HOST – ID.IN PLACE OF FIRST OCTET , FIRST 2 SIGNALS ARE ON SIGNALS AND REMAINING ARE OFF SIGNALS.
• PLACE OF FIRST OCTET : - { 11000000 } TO BASE 2 = ( 192 ) TO BASE 10. PLACE OF A : [ 128 -191 ].
• NO.OF HOST IN NETWORK : - ( 255 ) WHOLE SQAURE OR 2 TO THE POWER OF 16.65,036 HOST COMPUTERS IN ONE NETWORK.
• NO.OF NETWORKS IN CLASS B : - OFF SIGNALS MULTIPLIED BY ON SIGNALS. 255 * 633
• SUBNET MASK FOR CLASS B : - 255.255.0.0
A. B. C.D.
3. CLASS C : -
NET ID HOST ID
• IN CLASS B , FIRST 3 OCTET IS NET – ID AND REMAINING ARE HOST – ID.IN PLACE OF FIRST OCTET , FIRST 3 SIGNALS ARE ON SIGNALS AND REMAINING ARE OFF SIGNALS.
• PLACE OF FIRST OCTET : - { 11100000 } TO BASE 2 = ( 224 ) TO BASE 10. PLACE OF A : [ 192 - 223 ].
• NO.OF HOST IN NETWORK : - ( 255 ).
• NO.OF NETWORKS IN CLASS C : - 2 TO THE POWER OF 21 NETWORKS.
• SUBNET MASK FOR CLASS B : - 255.255.255.0
4. CLASS D : -
• IN CLASS D , NO NET – ID AND HOST – ID ARE AVAILABLE.
• IN PLACE OF FIRST OCTET , FIRST 4 SIGNALS ARE ON SIGNALS AND REMAINING ARE OFF SIGNALS.
•PLACE OF FIRST OCTET : - { 11110000 } TO BASE 2 = ( 240 ) TO BASE 10.PLACE OF A : [ 224 - 239 ].
• IT WILL USE TO BROAD CAST INFORMATION TO ALL CONNECTED TERMINALS.
• IT IS USED FOR VIDEO CONFRESSING.
• IT IS ALSO CALLED AS MULTI-CASTING IP – ADDRESS.
PUBLIC IP – ADDRESS
1. CLASS – A : 10. 0. 0. 0
2. CLASS – B : 172. 16. 0. 0
3. CLASS – C : 192. 168. 0. 0
NETWORK LAYERS
NETWORK LAYER
ALL TYPES OF IP – ADDRESSING ARE AVAILABLE IN THIS NETWORK LAYER.
IP – ADDRESS HAVE 2 VERSIONS : -
1. IP – VERSION 4 : - IT IS A 32 – BIT , WHICH SUPPORTS ALL OPERATING SYSTEMS.
2. IP – VERSION 6 : - IT IS A 128 BIT , WHICH SUPPORTS ADVANCED O/S. EX : - WIN-2K3 ,
LINUX , SUN – SOLARISIS.
FEATURES OF IP – VERSION 6 : IT IS DIVIDED IN TO 8 SECTIONS AND EACH SECTIONS
HAS 16–BIT. IT HAS HEXA DECIMAL NUMBERS.
EX : A . B . C . D . E . F . G . H
16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT = 2 POWER 8 OR 128 BIT.
ALL TYPES OF IP – ADDRESSING ARE AVAILABLE IN THIS NETWORK LAYER.
IP – ADDRESS HAVE 2 VERSIONS : -
1. IP – VERSION 4 : - IT IS A 32 – BIT , WHICH SUPPORTS ALL OPERATING SYSTEMS.
2. IP – VERSION 6 : - IT IS A 128 BIT , WHICH SUPPORTS ADVANCED O/S. EX : - WIN-2K3 ,
LINUX , SUN – SOLARISIS.
FEATURES OF IP – VERSION 6 : IT IS DIVIDED IN TO 8 SECTIONS AND EACH SECTIONS
HAS 16–BIT. IT HAS HEXA DECIMAL NUMBERS.
EX : A . B . C . D . E . F . G . H
16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT 16BIT = 2 POWER 8 OR 128 BIT.
TCP/IP
1. TCP/IP ( TRANSMISSION PROTOCOL / INTERNET PROTOCOL LAYER : IN TCP
LAYER WE HAVE 4 – LAYERS IN A COMBINATION OF OSI LAYERS.
1. APPLICATION.
2. PRESENTATION.
3. TRANSPORT.
APPLICATION LAYER.
( LAYER 1 )
4.TRANSPORT.
TRANSPORT LAYER.
( LAYER 2 )
5. NETWORK. INTERNET LAYER.
( LATER 3 )
6. DATA LINK.
7. PHYSICAL LAYER. NETWORK INTERFACE LAYER. ( LAYER 4 )
1. LAYER – 1 DEVICES : EXAMPLE FOR LAYER – 1 DEVICE IS HUB.
2. LAYER – 2 DEVICES : EXAMPLES FOR LAYER – 2 DEVICES ARE : -
A. BRIDGES.
B. SWITCHES.
3. LAYER – 4 DEVICES : ALL CABLE CONNECTORS COMES IN LAYER – 4.
LAYER WE HAVE 4 – LAYERS IN A COMBINATION OF OSI LAYERS.
1. APPLICATION.
2. PRESENTATION.
3. TRANSPORT.
APPLICATION LAYER.
( LAYER 1 )
4.TRANSPORT.
TRANSPORT LAYER.
( LAYER 2 )
5. NETWORK. INTERNET LAYER.
( LATER 3 )
6. DATA LINK.
7. PHYSICAL LAYER. NETWORK INTERFACE LAYER. ( LAYER 4 )
1. LAYER – 1 DEVICES : EXAMPLE FOR LAYER – 1 DEVICE IS HUB.
2. LAYER – 2 DEVICES : EXAMPLES FOR LAYER – 2 DEVICES ARE : -
A. BRIDGES.
B. SWITCHES.
3. LAYER – 4 DEVICES : ALL CABLE CONNECTORS COMES IN LAYER – 4.
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